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''Étoile'' was a 44-gun frigate of the French Navy, launched in 1813. The British captured her in 1814 and the Royal Navy took her into service as HMS ''Topaze''. She did not go to sea again until 1818, and was paid off in 1822. She served as a receiving ship until 1850 and was broken up in 1851. ==French service== Initially, ''Etoile'' was in the Nantes Division, first under ''capitaine de vaisseau'' Le Bozec (27 July to 20 September), and then under ''capitaine de frégate'' Henri Pierre Philibert (7 October to 24 November).〔''Fonds, Vol. 2, p.475.〕 She sailed for the Azores with the ''Sultane'' to engage in commerce raiding.〔''Fonds'', Vol. 2, p.494.〕 On 18 January 1814 was escorting a convoy from England to Bermuda when she encountered ''Sultane'' and ''Étoile''. ''Severn'' drew them away from the convoy, saving it. After a long chase, the French frigates gave up and sailed away. On 24 January, ''Sultane'' and ''Étoile'' engaged the frigates and . The two British frigates had sailed for the Cape Verde Islands; they reached Maio early on 23 January 1814.〔James (1837), Vol. 6, p.261-4.〕 Off the Cape Verde Islands they encountered two frigates and two merchant ships, one a brigantine and the other a schooner, all at anchor. The French frigates did not respond to the Portuguese and Spanish flags that the British set and instead set sail as the British frigates approached; the British frigates then pursued them. ''Astraea'' had problems with her sails so ''Creole'' pulled ahead. She exchanged some shots and eventually four broadsides with the rearmost French frigate, which would turn out to be the ''Sultane''. ''Astraea'' then sailed between ''Creole'' and her opponent, coming alongside the French frigate. Two broadsides from ''Astraea'' then temporarily silenced the French frigate as fires aboard ''Creole'' took her out of the action for a while. She re-engaged ''Sultane'', but then disengaged and sailed towards Santiago.〔 ''Astraea'' went ahead in pursuit of the first French frigate, which turned out to be the ''Étoile''. ''Astraea'' exchanged a broadside and then crossed ''Etoile''s bow and raked her. At this moment a shot took away ''Astraea''s wheel and killed both quartermasters, causing ''Astraea'' to lose direction and momentum. Now the situation reversed, with French guns nearly touching ''Astraea''s taffrail. She received broadsides that tore away her lower rigging, scarred her deck and destroyed one of her carronades. However, she suffered no damage forward. ''Astrea'' was able to get starboard to starboard with her opponent. The two vessels exchanged broadsides at close range for two hours until ''Étoile'' sailed off. During the engagement a pistol shot hit Eveleigh below the heart, mortally wounding him. ''Sultane'' came up and also exchanged a broadside with ''Astraea''. ''Astraea'', much damaged, broke off the engagement as the two French frigates too sailed away. ''Creole'' had suffered ten men dead and 26 wounded; ''Astraea'' lost nine men dead and 37 wounded.〔 That evening the two British ships anchored in Porto Praya on Santiago to effect repairs.〔 The British captured both ''Sultane'' and ''Étoile'' on 27 March as the two French frigates were returning from the Cape Verde Islands, in the Battle of Jobourg. captured ''Sultane'', without a fight. captured ''Étoile'', but only after severe fighting. ''Hebrus'' chased ''Étoile'' for 15 hours and 120 miles, finally bringing her to action at about 1.a.m. on 27 March in the Bay of La Hogue. A fight lasting over two hours ensued, complicated by fire from shore batteries that could not, in the dark, distinguish their target. The winds fell, leaving the two vessels firing at each other from nearly the same spot. The French fired high, doing great damage to ''Hebrus''s rigging; ''Hebrus'' from the start fired into ''Étoile'' hull. Eventually Philibert struck, after having lost 40 men killed and 71 wounded. ''Hebrus'' had 13 men killed and 25 wounded. '' In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Hebrus Wh. L'Etoile" to the 40 still surviving claimants from the action. Also in 1847, the Admiralty issued gold medals to a select set of captains for certain particularly notable battles and engagements. Captain E. Palmer, of ''Hebrus'', was one of the recipients. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「French frigate Étoile (1813)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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